Principles

Beneficial provisions

Strata Plan v 3A Composites [2026] FCA 351

Strata headed a class action against 3A under consumer guarantee provisions in the Australian Consumer Law concerning aluminium composite panels implicated in high-profile residential fires4

Although the consumer guarantees are beneficial legislation, limitations on them need not be given a liberal interpretation.  Those limitations reflect a practical balance between competing …

Extrinsic materials

Two recent NSWCA cases

In Glencore, a submission that the procedural history of a determination6 could not be considered given no ambiguity had been shown was rejected7.  McHugh JA observed (at [86]) that ‘language is unavoidably contextual’ and that context is to be considered ‘in the first instance’.  But this is not to deny there are …

Context and purpose

FW Aviation v Vietjet Aviation [2026] QSC 63

Vietjet argued that registration of an English judgment against it be set aside, as it was for an amount greater than the amount ‘payable’ at the date of registration10.  McCafferty J held that it was the total amount payable, not the amount ‘presently payable’, to which the statute was directed. …

Interpretation provisions

Property Exchange v R-G [2026] NSWSC 344

Modern statutes may have their own interpretation provisions.  The Act implementing the national e-conveyancing scheme13 is one of them.  Schedule 1 of the National Law deals with things like legislative purpose, extrinsic materials and ordinary meaning.  PEXA challenged denial of a request to pass through new charges to consumers on the basis …

Ordinary meaning

Giggle for Girls v Tickle [2026] FCAFC 64

Giggle created an app as a safe online space for women.  Born male, Tickle had gender change surgery and was recorded as female.  When her access was blocked, Tickle sued Giggle for sexual discrimination7.

The ordinary meanings of ‘woman’ and ‘female’ became relevant in this context.  It was noted that …

International treaties

CCDM Holdings v Republic of India [2026] HCA 9

It was held that ratification of a New York convention did not involve waiver of foreign state immunity from jurisdiction over an arbitral award.  India had not waived immunity to enforcement in Australia of an award made in the Netherlands in favour of CCDM. 

The text of the convention was silent …

Not the common law

Karam v Close the Loop [2026] VSC 270

An issue in this case was whether High Court cases on the meaning of an expression in fair work provisions were binding in a retail leases context. 

Croft J noted that statutory construction ‘differs from that in distilling the common law from past decisions’.  The starting point with legislation is always the …

Deeming provisions

Shell Energy Holdings v FCT [2026] FCA 577

What is of note in this CGT case is the summary from Jackman J (at [62]) on the legal effect of deeming provisions.  The judge observed that they do not always create a statutory fiction13.  But, where they do, we are to ‘proceed on the deemed basis when applying the …

Development consents

Wollondilly SC v Godfrey [2026] NSWLEC 21

Robson J in this case (at [66-69]) comments on the interpretation of development consents4.

First, ambiguity is to be resolved by application of the ordinary rules as apply to statutes5.  Second, no principle of laxity in drafting is conceded to them.  Third, nor is ambiguity to be resolved against …

Correct procedure

Anderson v Anderson [2026] QCA 50

In this case, it was argued that the trial judge erred in law by considering policy before consulting the text.  This was rejected.  Brown JA quoted cases for starting with the text and also considering context in the widest sense ‘at the first stage of the process …’ 

Comment – the requirement to have …