Principles

Singular and plural

Taylor v The Queen [2020] VSCA 50

This is a rare case where contrary intention rebuts the presumption that the singular includes the plural12.  T was charged with trafficking in a ‘drug of dependence’13 – ‘anabolic or steroid agents’, which is a class of drugs rather than an individual drug.  The question was whether a class of …

Harmony rules, OK!

Universal Property v BCC [2020] NSWCA 106

The old idea that parliament does not intend to contradict itself14 finds modern emphasis in the ‘principle of harmonious operation’15.  Brought to attention in Project Blue Sky, this requires harmony to be sought for warring provisions within and between statutes of the same legislature.  Implied repeal only occurs where …

Context and policy

Peter Greensill Family Co v FCT [2020] FCA 559

The meaning of connecting words depends very much on context.  Were certain capital gains to be disregarded as being ‘from’ a CGT event?6  That word indicates a causal connection7 but as Thawley J found (at [52]) ‘causation is not the exclusive criterion’. 

It requires a stronger degree of …

Prison decisions

Hamzy v Commissioner [2020] NSWSC 414

A number of restrictions were placed on prisoner Hamzy – monitoring phone calls, security-checking his lawyers and denying audio-visual access.  He said his right to legal representation had been infringed, and that security-checking was unreasonable. 

Bellew J disagreed saying (at [73-77]) that prison rules can be applied to take account of particular circumstances.  Authorities …

Statutory definitions

BWP Management v Ipswich [2020] QCA 104

The long-held High Court position on statutory definitions is that, for circularity reasons, the term defined has no influence on the meaning of the definition10.  Other courts have questioned this on the basis the term defined is part of the Act and available to be used in construing the definition11

Legislative intention

Corliss v R [2020] NSWCCA 65

The High Court position is that legislative intention is an output of the interpretative process – that is, what parliament is objectively taken to have intended by the words used13.  2 judges in this case now add their names to others who doubt this14.

Johnson J said that to reduce …

Punctuation

Lawson v Minister [2020] NSWSC 186

This case, dealt with in Episode 59, also contains a punctuation issue3 – that being, whether a semicolon separated 2 discrete things within a schedule; or required them to be read together.  Ward CJ (at [80]) observed that semicolons may replace ‘and’ as a ‘hierarchically superior punctuation mark if the reader is not …

COVID-19 and Magna Carta

R v IB (No 3) [2020] ACTSC 103

How might a 1215 UK statute affect territory COVID-19 laws?7  IB sought a jury trial on sexual offences, but ‘trial by judge alone’ was ordered under those laws.  IB said clause 29 of Magna Carta, always part of ACT law, guaranteed trial by jury – ‘No freeman shall be taken …

Deeming provisions

Holdsworth v Police [2020] NSWSC 228

Deeming provisions are always read against the statutory purpose they serve10.  Did transitional rules in the 1996 Act deem a firearms prohibition order to continue in force11? The rule preserves orders ‘made under’ the 1989 Act ‘and in force immediately before’ repeal of that Act.  The original order was made …

Extrinsic materials

A-G v Melco Resorts [2020] NSWCA 40

Extrinsic materials cannot displace the clear meaning of the text – this is fundamental13.  Was legal professional privilege abrogated for witnesses before a casino inquiry having royal commission ‘powers, authorities, protections and immunities’?14

The Second Reading Speech said the same ‘protection’ was preserved as for witnesses before the Supreme Court.  …