Principles

Inversion of process

Billyard Ave v Sydney City [2025] NSWLEC 22

Walsh C had refused a DA due to inconsistency with the objectives of the development zone in question9.  The first objective of the R1 zone was ‘to provide for the housing needs of the community’.  Walsh C construed this objective by reference to expert opinion and party evidence on what …

Tautologies

ZeroBonds v Commissioner [2025] NSWSC 265

This case is about the phrase ‘before or when’ in residential bond provisions13.  Refusing declarations sought by Z, Brereton J held the phrase was used in a temporal sense rather than in a conditional sense. 

In the former, the words ‘before’ and ‘when’ had different meanings, but in the latter they ‘usually …

Hitting the target

WC Nominal Insurer v Sako [2025] NSWCA 12

‘Hitting the target’ is an old phrase heard more and more6.  It signifies two things.  First, that a solution be sought which coherently gives effect to statutory purpose.  Second, that there is a constructive duty on all interpreters to try to hit the legislative target.

The issue in Sako was …

Purpose and the sheriff

WCX v Homebuilding [2025] NSWCA 16

A builder obtained judgment against C who held a line of credit from a funder.  The Sheriff sought to execute on property of C which the funder then claimed.  It was argued the Sheriff acted unlawfully, as ‘functions in relation to … any legal proceedings to which the Sheriff is a party … are …

Beneficial provisions

Strata Plan 87003 v Raysons [2025] NSWSC 66

Owners sued a builder over major defects in common areas.  The legal issue was how different limitation periods should apply10.  Because the legislation was beneficial in nature, the owners said they should be read ‘so as to give the fullest relief which the fair meaning of [the] language will allow’. …

Power of context

NSW v Hamze [2025] NSWCA 22

An ‘extended supervision order’ was sought on the basis of a ‘serious violence offence’ – discharging a firearm with intent to cause grievous bodily harm.  The SVO definition in turn referred to ‘engaging in conduct that causes the death of another person or grievous bodily harm to another person …’14

Kirk JA made …

Meaning of ‘services’

EIX20 v WA (No 2) [2025] FCA 28

A man was detained in a youth correction facility, often in isolation.  He sought to amend discrimination claims against WA to cover denial of educational access because of his aboriginality.  The issue became whether the man had been denied ‘services’4.

Banks-Smith J allowed the amendment.  The definition of ‘services’ was …

Impact of purpose

McTye v Chang [2025] NSWCA 3

A young boy riding on a bike with his mother was hit by a public bus and had his foot amputated.  Liability was admitted, and the issue became under which scheme damages arose.  Was this a ‘motor vehicle accident’7 (less damages) or a ‘public transport accident’8 (more damages)?  On the basis a …

Labyrinthine process

PD v DPP (NSW) [2025] NSWSC 16

E117 commented on the allegedly ‘repellent’ nature of statutory language.  Another view is that, with codification, the law would ‘become an object of pleasant and satisfactory study to lawyers and laymen alike’11.  This is not always the experience.

The issue here was whether the Children’s Court had power to impose a …

‘contrary intention’

Queensland v Mr Stradford [2025] HCA 3

The High Court has held that immunity from civil suit ‘is the same for judges of all courts’ 13.  After Judge Vasta in the Federal Circuit Court (FCC) jailed Mr S for contempt, Mr S sued for false imprisonment. 

One issue was whether the FCC was ‘any court’ for Criminal